The Order of Alcántara (Spanish: Orden de Alcántara), also called the Knights of St. Julian [1], was originally a military order of León, founded in 1166 [2] and confirmed by Pope Alexander III in 1177. The Count of Barcelona, father of King Juan Carlos I, was formally nominated by the King “Dean President of the Royal Council of the Orders of Chivalry of Santiago, Calatrava, Alcántara and Montesa” in 1978. Each square carries a letter. They are mentioned in 1176, in a grant of King Fernando of Leon, but without allusion to their military character. Adrian VI went farther, in favour of his pupil, Charles V, for in 1522 he bestowed the three masterships of Spain upon the Crown, even permitting their inheritance through the female line. Alcántara, is a town on the Tagus (which is here crossed by a bridge - cantara in Arabic, hence the name). In addition to the bridge, notable landmarks include the church of Santa María de Almocóbar, dating from the 13th century, and that of San Benito (1576), which belonged to … Alonzo of Leon wished to found at Al cantara a special branch of this celebrated order for his realm. Robert Appleton Company. The order was reduced to a system of endowments at the disposal of the king, of which he availed to himself to reward his nobles. This order's genesis is obscure, but according to a somewhat questionable tradition, St. Julian de Pereiro was a hermit of the country of Salamanca, where by his counsel, some knights built a castle on the river Tagus to oppose the Muslims. There were no less than thirty-seven "Commanderies", with fifty-three castles or villages. They are first acknowledged as a military order by a papal bull in 1177 by Pope Alexander III. A 1. oldal. People of the American Civil War by state, Articles containing Spanish-language text, Articles incorporating text from Wikipedia, https://military.wikia.org/wiki/Order_of_Alc%C3%A1ntara?oldid=2180399, Articles incorporating text from the 1913 Catholic Encyclopedia with no article parameter. There were no less than thirty-seven "Commanderies", with fifty-three castles or villages. Their genesis is obscure, but according to a somewhat questionable tradition, St. Julian de Pereiro was a hermit of the country of Salamanca, where by his counsel, some knights built a castle on the river Tagus to oppose the Moslems. In 1218 King Alfonso IX of Leon ○ Lettris Like the Order of Alcántara, it initially began as a knightly confraternity and took the name "Santiago" (St. With the decline of Muslim power, new orders sprang up, including the Alcántara in the Kingdom of León and Avis in Portugal.
However, ambitions and dissensions increased among them. In 1409, the regent of Castile succeeded in having his son, Sancho, a boy of eight years, made Grand Master of Alcantara. They amassed great wealth from booty during the war and from pious donations. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1907. They employed against one another swords which had been vowed only to warfare against the infidels.
Get XML access to fix the meaning of your metadata. The President of the Republic, the Duke of La Torre, seeing this as a concession by the Pope, re-established the Military Orders and their governing body, the Tribunal. The Middle Ages knew neither standing armies nor garrisons, a deficiency that the military orders supplied, combining as they did military training with monastic stability. In 1409, the regent of Castile succeeded in having his son, Sancho, a boy of eight years, made Grand Master of Alcántara. Certain of the confiscated properties were restored and concentrated together near Ciudad Real, while others distributed more distantly were integrated into the dioceses in which they lay, and were removed from the Order’s jurisdiction. From the Catholic Encyclopedia.
English thesaurus is mainly derived from The Integral Dictionary (TID). The Order of Alcántara (Spanish: Orden de Alcántara), also called the Knights of St. Julian[1], was originally a military order of León, founded in 1166[2] and confirmed by Pope Alexander III in 1177. These orders had been exploited for too long by the nobility and were the subject of intense rivalry among those who sought to be elected master of one or other…. There were no less than thirty-seven "Commanderies", with fifty-three castles or villages. The administration was now re-titled once again by royal decree of 1 August 1876, as the Tribunal Metropolitano y Consejo de las Órdenes Militares, with the responsibility for regulating the proofs of nobility and the admission and investiture of the knights, the appointment of charges and officers, the creation or suppression of parishes, the construction or repair of churches and chapels, the direction of the benefices and hospitals and modification of regulations or statutes; the government thus formally recognised the continued legal existence of the four Orders. In the Concordat of 1851 the four Military Orders were allowed continued ecclesiastical jurisdiction over their territories, while the titular of the jurisdiction remained the King (or Queen), as administrator of the four Orders by Apostolic Delegation. However, ambitions and dissensions increased among them. | They are first acknowledged as a military order by a papal bull in 1177 by Pope Alexander III. Order of Alcántara, major military and religious order in Spain. It was a turning point in their career. Eco, Cookies help us deliver our services. The kings, on their side, did not fail to take an active part in the election of the grand master, who could bring such valuable support to the royal authority. In 1174 it fell again into the hands of Abu Yaqub Yusuf, the third of the African Almohades; and was not recovered until 1214, when it was taken by Alfonso IX of León. The rise of such dissensions could be attributed to the fact that military orders had lost the chief object of their vocation when the Moors were driven from their last foothold in the Iberian Peninsula. (To help fight spam, this address might change occasionally.) Change the target language to find translations. The territories now concentrated around the city of Ciudad Real were designated as the new Priory, a Prelature nullius dioeceseos called the “Priory of the four reunited Military Orders of Santiago, Calatrava, Alcántara and Montesa”, with the Prior holding the titular diocese of Dora and given as his Priory Church, or Cathedral, the former Parish Church of Santa María del Prado in Ciudad Real. In 1409, the regent of Castile succeeded in having his son, Sancho, a boy of eight years, made Grand Master of Alcántara. The town is situated on the plain of Extremadura, a great field of conflict for the Muslims and Christians of Iberian Peninsula in the 12th century.
In 1214 Alcántara was first committed to the care of the Castilian Knights of Calatrava, who had recently given many proofs of their gallantry in the famous battle of Las Navas de Tolosa against the Almohades in 1212. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree.... A Study of History: Who, What, Where, and When? Contact information. These intrigues went on till 1492, when Pope Alexander VI invested the Catholic King, Ferdinand of Aragon, with the grand mastership of Alcántara for life. Letters must be adjacent and longer words score better.
Alonzo of León wished to found at Alcántara a special branch of this celebrated order … +John Cardinal Farley, Archbishop of New York. Certain of the confiscated properties were restored and concentrated together near Ciudad Real, while others distributed more distantly were integrated into the dioceses in which they lay, and were removed from the Order's jurisdiction. Like the Order of Alcántara, it initially began as a knightly confraternity and took the name "Santiago" (St. With the decline of Muslim power, new orders sprang up, including the Alcántara in the Kingdom of León and Avis in Portugal. Alcántara was first taken in 1167 by the King of León, Ferdinand II.
Alonzo of Leon wished to found a special branch of this celebrated at Alcantara order for his realm. The President of the Republic, the Duke of La Torre, seeing this as a concession by the Pope, re-established the Military Orders and their governing body, the Tribunal. The 1st Spanish Republic proclaimed on 12 February 1873 made as one of its first provisions the abolition of all Military Orders, by decree of 9 March following; the Pope, Pius IX, considering that the Orders’ ecclesiastical jurisdiction was thereby rendered ineffective, transferred the administration of their benefices to the closest dioceses, in the Bull Quo graviu of 14 July 1873. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. “Military Order of Alcántara.” The Catholic Encyclopedia. During the fatal schism between Pedro of Castile and his brother, Henry the Bastard, which divided half Europe, the Knights of Alcántara were also split into two factions which warred upon each other. The SensagentBox are offered by sensAgent. However, ambitions and dissensions increased among them. Some authors assign as causes of their disintegration the decimation of the cloisters by the Black Death in the fourteenth century, and the laxity which allowed recruitment from the most poorly qualified subjects. | Last modifications, Copyright © 2012 sensagent Corporation: Online Encyclopedia, Thesaurus, Dictionary definitions and more.
The orders, nevertheless, by their wealth and numerous vassals, remained a tremendous power in the kingdom, and before long were involved deeply in political agitations.
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