Van Gogh suffered from psychotic episodes and delusions and though he worried about his mental stability, he often neglected his physical health, did not eat properly and drank heavily. He then walked the 75 kilometres (47 mi) to Brussels,[48] returned briefly to Cuesmes in the Borinage, but gave in to pressure from his parents to return home to Etten. His palette consisted mainly of sombre earth tones, particularly dark brown, and showed no sign of the vivid colours that distinguished his later work. Around this time, he wrote, "Sometimes moods of indescribable anguish, sometimes moments when the veil of time and fatality of circumstances seemed to be torn apart for an instant. [16], Vincent Willem van Gogh was born on 30 March 1853 into a Dutch Reformed Church family in Groot-Zundert, in the predominantly Catholic province of North Brabant in the Netherlands. [206], The gun Van Gogh was reputed to have used was rediscovered in 1965 and was auctioned, on 19 June 2019, as "the most famous weapon in art history". [187], Van Gogh was captivated by the fields in May when the wheat was young and green. While there Vincent wrote around 200 letters in Dutch, French and English. Art and Architecture. [74] Van Gogh had met Sien towards the end of January 1882, when she had a five-year-old daughter and was pregnant. In just over a decade, he created about 2,100 artworks, including around 860 oil paintings, most of which date from the last two years of his life. [167], Self-portrait with Bandaged Ear and Pipe, 1889, private collection, The Courtyard of the Hospital at Arles, 1889, Oskar Reinhart Collection "Am Römerholz", Winterthur, Switzerland, Self-portrait with Bandaged Ear, 1889, Courtauld Institute of Art, London, Ward in the Hospital in Arles, 1889, Oskar Reinhart Collection "Am Römerholz", Winterthur, Switzerland, Van Gogh entered the Saint-Paul-de-Mausole asylum on 8 May 1889, accompanied by his caregiver, Frédéric Salles, a Protestant clergyman. [188], He wrote that they represented his "sadness and extreme loneliness" and that the "canvases will tell you what I cannot say in words, that is, how healthy and invigorating I find the countryside". [227] His paintings of flowers are filled with symbolism, but rather than use traditional Christian iconography he made up his own, where life is lived under the sun and work is an allegory of life. [129] MacKnight introduced Van Gogh to Eugène Boch, a Belgian painter who sometimes stayed in Fontvieille, and the two exchanged visits in July. [281][282] Russell had been a close friend of Van Gogh; he introduced Matisse to the Dutchman's work, and gave him a Van Gogh drawing. Gauguin stated, 15 years later, that the night followed several instances of physically threatening behaviour.

His paintings include harvests, wheat fields and general rural landmarks from the area, including The Old Mill (1888), a picturesque structure bordering the wheat fields. [139], The Night Café, 1888. He was inclined to immerse himself in local cultures and lighting conditions, although he maintained a highly individual visual outlook throughout. [115] There, Bernard and Anquetin sold their first paintings, and Van Gogh exchanged work with Gauguin. Later, they were recognised as early masterpieces. The portraits show a shift in style from the fluid, restrained brushstrokes and even surface of Portrait of the Postman to the frenetic style, rough surface, broad brushstrokes and use of a palette knife in Madame Roulin with Baby. He believed they were "the only thing in painting that moves me deeply and that gives me a sense of the infinite.

[31] In March 1868, he abruptly returned home. [276] French president Marie François Sadi Carnot was said to have been impressed by Van Gogh's work.

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