[113], Richmond, Virginia, was chosen for the interim capital at the Virginia State Capitol. The stated purpose was to re-occupy U.S. properties throughout the South, as the U.S. Congress had not authorized their abandonment. (A version of it was used, however, by Confederate General Nathan Bedford Forrest, during the Civil War.). [206] Post-war conditions were not ideal in the southern states. The sessions of the Provisional Congress were in Montgomery, Alabama, (1) First Session February 4 – March 10, and (2) Second Session April 29 – May 21, 1861. The Antiwar Turn in Civil War Scholarship.". [129] It called for troops to recapture forts and suppress what Lincoln later called an "insurrection and rebellion". Please use the tabs to search for Books, Articles, Web Resources, and Videos. [146], Several European nations maintained diplomats in place who had been appointed to the U.S., but no country appointed any diplomat to the Confederacy. Rable (1994) 257. There were government incentives as well.

Southern Unionists' favorite presidential candidate was John Bell of Tennessee, sometimes running under an "Opposition Party" banner. The Confederate government of 1861 to 1865 was formed with the full belief they were within their constitutional rights to leave a union they believed would be detrimental to their welfare to remain in. De Bow's "The Interest of Slavery of the Southern Non-slaveholder".

[325], 1st National Flag[7-, 9, 11-, 13-stars[326]]"Stars and Bars", 2nd National Flag[Richmond Capitol[327]]"Stainless Banner", 3rd National Flag[never flown[328]]"Blood Stained Banner". Slavery was abolished. Since the mints used the current dies on hand, all appear to be U.S. issues.
"Any people, anywhere, being inclined and having the power, have the right to rise up and shake off the existing government, and form a new one that suits them better.

[171] Despite noteworthy effort, over the course of the war the Confederacy was found unable to match the Union in ships and seamanship, materials and marine construction. [184] Congress allowed for Davis to require numbers of recruits from each governor to supply the volunteer shortfall. The Confederate States politicians were worried about angering the general population with hard taxes. [71][72], The first secession state conventions from the Deep South sent representatives to meet at the Montgomery Convention in Montgomery, Alabama, on February 4, 1861. Calculated by dividing the number of owners (obtained via the census) by the number of free persons. Voting for the representatives was mostly done by Confederate soldiers from Kentucky and Missouri.[85]. Historian Drew Gilpin Faust observed that "leaders of the secession movement across the South cited slavery as the most compelling reason for southern independence".

He lacked reserve troops to exploit an advantage on the battlefield as Napoleon had done.
District of Columbia citizens made no attempts to secede and through the war years, referendums sponsored by President Lincoln approved systems of compensated emancipation and slave confiscation from "disloyal citizens". For example, freedom to travel within the Confederate states was severely limited by a domestic passport system. Previous party affiliation played a part in voter selection, predominantly secessionist Democrat or unionist Whig. Structure and Operation of the Confederate Government The delegates who met in Montgomery, Alabama, to form the Confederate States of America and establish a new government began by drafting a provisional and later a permanent Constitution. Bonner, Michael Brem.


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